• INITCAP is a single row character function.
• It takes a string and converts first character of each word to upper case and keeps all other letters in lower case.
• For any input string INITCAP identifies words delimited either by white space or characters that are not alpha-numeric.
• The return value has the same data type as the argument CHAR type (CHAR or VARCHAR2).

Syntax: INITCAP(Character String)

SELECT
    'the code man' Name,
    INITCAP('the code man') Init_Name
  FROM DUAL;

NAME	     INIT_NAME
------------ ------------
the code man The Code Man

SELECT
    'The Code Man' Name,
    INITCAP('The Code Man') Init_Name
  FROM DUAL;

NAME	     INIT_NAME
------------ ------------
The Code Man The Code Man

SELECT
    'THe CoDE maN' Name,
    INITCAP('THe CoDE maN') Init_Name
  FROM DUAL;

NAME	     INIT_NAME
------------ ------------
THe CoDE maN The Code Man

SELECT
    'THE CODE MAN' Name,
    INITCAP('THE CODE MAN') Init_Name
  FROM DUAL;

NAME	     INIT_NAME
------------ ------------
THE CODE MAN The Code Man

SELECT
    'THECODE man' Name,
    INITCAP('THECODE man') Init_Name
  FROM DUAL;

NAME	    INIT_NAME
----------- -----------
THECODE man Thecode Man

Q: How INITCAP function identifies the different words in a particular string for its operation?

Ans: INITCAP identifies different words for its operation by considering the delimiter as white space or any special characters encountered in the argument string. INITCAP treats all characters as special character except alphanumeric values.

SELECT 
    '[email protected]' Actual_Email,
    INITCAP('[email protected]') Init_Email
  FROM DUAL;

ACTUAL_EMAIL		    INIT_EMAIL
----------------------- -----------------------
[email protected] [email protected]

SELECT 
    'info#the [email protected]' Actual_Email,
    INITCAP('info#the [email protected]') Init_Email
  FROM DUAL;

ACTUAL_EMAIL			           INIT_EMAIL
---------------------------------- ----------------------------
info#the [email protected] Info#The [email protected]

SELECT 
    'sample [email protected]!demo' Actual_Str,
    INITCAP('sample [email protected]!demo') Init_Str
  FROM DUAL;

ACTUAL_STR                   INIT_STR
---------------------------- ----------------------------
sample [email protected]!demo Sample [email protected]!Demo